[Java] GUI 기초, Swing과 AWT

숫자 만들기 게임 GUI를 구현하는 걸 배우고, 더 공부가 필요할 것 같아 정리해 봤다.

영어가 더 편해서 영어로 정리를 하겠다.

 

 

Java Swing class Hierarchy Diagram

Java Swing clss Hierachy Diagram

 

Swing

 

• Swing in Java is a GUI toolkit that includes the GUI components.
• Swing provides a rich set of widgets and packages to make sophisticated GUI components for Java applications.
• Swing is a part of Java Foundation Classes(JFC), which is an API for Java GUI programing that provide GUI.
  • The Java Swing library is built on top of the Java Abstract Widget Toolkit (AWT).

 

Container Class

 

• Container classes that can have other components on it.
  • So for creating a Java Swing GUI, we need at least one container object.
• 3 types of Java Swing containers.
  • Panel
    • It's a pure container and is not a window in itself. The sole purpose if a Panel is to organize the components on to a window.
  • Frame
    • It's a fully finctioning window with its title and icons.
  • Dialog
    • It can be thought of like a pop-ip window that pops out when a message has to be displayed. It's not a fully functioning window like the Frame.

 

GUI (Graphical User Interface)

 

• GUI in Java is an easy-to-use visual experience builder for Java applications.
• It's mainly made of graphical components like buttons, lagels, windows, etc. through which the user can interact with an applicaton.
• GUI plays an important role to buld easy interfaces for Java applications.

 

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GUI 직접 구현해보기

 

📌 JFrame

 

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		//JFrame = a GUI window add components to
		
		JFrame frame = new JFrame(); //creates a frame
		frame.setTitle("JFrame title goes here"); //sets title of frame
		frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //exit out of application
		frame.setResizable(false); //prevent frame frame being resized
		frame.setSize(420,420); //sets the x-dimension, and y-dimension of frame
		frame.setVisible(true); //make frame visible
		
		ImageIcon Image = new ImageIcon("logo.png"); // create an ImageIcon
		frame.setIconImage(Image.getImage());  // change icon of frame
		frame.getContentPane().setBackground(new Color(0,0,0)); // change color of the backgound
	}
}

 

 

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📌JLable

 

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.border.Border;

public class Label {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

	//JLabel = a GUI display area for a string of text, an image, or both
		
	ImageIcon image = new ImageIcon("icon.png");
	Border border = BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.green, 3);
	
		
	JLabel label = new JLabel(); // create a label
	label.setText("Bro, do you even code?"); // set text of label
	label.setIcon(image);
	label.setHorizontalTextPosition(JLabel.CENTER); //set text Left,Center,Right of imageicon
	label.setVerticalTextPosition(JLabel.TOP); //set text Top,Center,Bottom of imageicon
	label.setForeground(new Color(0x00ff00)); // set font color of text
	label.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.PLAIN, 20)); //set font of text
	label.setIconTextGap(-25); //set gap of text to image
	label.setBackground(Color.white); //set background color
	label.setOpaque(true); //display background color
	label.setBorder(border);
	label.setVerticalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER); // set vertical position of icontext within label
	label.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
	label.setBounds(100,100,250,250); // set x,y position within frame as well as dimensions
	
	
	JFrame frame = new JFrame();
	frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//	frame.setSize(500,500);
//	frame.setLayout(null);
	frame.setVisible(true);
	frame.add(label);
	frame.pack();
	}

 

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📌 JPanel

 

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;

import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class Main2 {
	
	// JPanel = a GUI component that functions as a container t hold other components
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
	JPanel redPanel = new JPanel();
	redPanel.setBackground(Color.red);
	redPanel.setBounds(0, 0, 250, 250);
	
	JPanel bluePanel = new JPanel();
	bluePanel.setBackground(Color.blue);
	bluePanel.setBounds(250, 0, 250, 250); 

	JPanel greenPanel = new JPanel();
	greenPanel.setBackground(Color.green);
	greenPanel.setBounds(0, 250, 500, 250);
	greenPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

	
	JFrame frame = new JFrame();
	frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
	frame.setLayout(null);
	frame.setSize(750,750);
	frame.setVisible(true);
	frame.add(redPanel);
	frame.add(bluePanel);
	frame.add(greenPanel);
	}
}

 

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📌 JButton

 

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;

public class MyFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
	
	JButton button; // Declare global variable
	
	MyFrame() {

		button = new JButton();
		button.setBounds(200, 100, 250, 100);
		button.addActionListener(this);
		button.setText("I'm a button");
		button.setFocusable(false);
		button.setHorizontalTextPosition(JButton.CENTER);
		button.setVerticalTextPosition(JButton.BOTTOM);
		button.setFont(new Font("Comic Sans", Font.BOLD,25));
		button.setIconTextGap(-15);
		button.setForeground(Color.cyan);
		button.setBackground(Color.lightGray);
		button.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEtchedBorder());
		
		this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		this.setLayout(null);
		this.setSize(500, 500);
		this.setVisible(true);
		this.add(button);
	}
	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
		if(e.getSource()==button) {
			System.out.println("poo");
		}	
	}
}